Python 相关

Python 官网

Python 语言官方文档

Python 的包管理工具

  • pip
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python -m pip install --upgrade pip
  • uv
  • pipx

Python 三方依赖搜索

Build a large language model

https://github.com/rasbt/LLMs-from-scratch

错误笔记

1.在安装依赖包的时候，会报下面的问题：

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root@ECS529558553731:~# pip install openai
error: externally-managed-environment

× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
    python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
    install.

    If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
    create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
    Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
    sure you have python3-full installed.

    If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application,
    it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
    virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.

    See /usr/share/doc/python3.12/README.venv for more information.

note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.

如何解决这个问题呢？

可以在安装命令后面添加 --break-system-packages

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pip install openai --break-system-packages

第二种方式【推荐使用】

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python3 -m venv ~/py_envs
source ~/py_envs/bin/activate
python3 -m pip install openai

# 让当前 python 虚拟环境失效的办法
deactivate